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Article by: Manish Methani
Last Updated: October 16, 2021 at 2:04pm IST
Table of Contents:
Inheritance is a fundamental concept in C++ that enables a class to inherit properties and behaviors from another class, promoting code reuse and hierarchy within programs.
In C++, inheritance syntax involves creating a derived class that inherits attributes and behaviors from a base class. Here's a basic representation:
// Base Class class Base { public: void display() { cout << "This is from the base class." << endl; } }; // Derived Class inheriting from Base class Derived : public Base { public: void show() { cout << "This is from the derived class." << endl; } };
Single Level Inheritance involves deriving only one class from the base class. It establishes a straightforward parent-child relationship between two classes.
#include <iostream> using namespace std; class Base { public: void display() { cout <<"This is the Base class" << endl; } }; class Derived : public Base { public: void show() { cout << "This is the Derived class" << endl; } }; int main() { Derived d; d.display(); // Accessing Base class function d.show(); // Accessing Derived class function return 0; }
This is the Base class This is the Derived class
Multi-Level Inheritance signifies a chain of inheritance where one derived class becomes the base class for another derived class. It allows for multiple levels of derived classes.
#include <iostream> using namespace std; class A { public: void displayA() { cout << "This is class A" << endl; } }; class B : public A { public: void displayB() { cout << "This is class B" << endl; } }; class C : public B { public: void displayC() { cout << "This is class C" << endl; } }; int main() { C c; c.displayA(); // Accessing Class A method c.displayB(); // Accessing Class B method c.displayC(); // Accessing Class C method return 0; }
This is class A This is class B This is class C
Hierarchical Inheritance occurs when multiple classes are derived from a single base class. It forms a hierarchical structure, branching out from a common base.
#include <iostream> using namespace std; class Base { public: void display() { cout << "This is the Base class" << endl; } }; class Derived1 : public Base { public: void show1() { cout << "This is the first derived class" << endl; } }; class Derived2 : public Base { public: void show2() { cout << "This is the second derived class" << endl; } }; int main() { Derived1 d1; Derived2 d2; d1.display(); // Accessing Base class function via first derived class d1.show1(); // Accessing first derived class function d2.display(); // Accessing Base class function via second derived class d2.show2(); // Accessing second derived class function return 0; }
This is the Base class This is the first derived class This is the Base class This is the second derived class
Multiple Inheritance occurs when a single class inherits properties and methods from multiple base classes. It provides a way to combine functionalities from different sources.
#include <iostream> using namespace std; class A { public: void displayA() { cout << "This is class A" << endl; } }; class B { public: void displayB() { cout << "This is class B" << endl; } }; class C : public A, public B { public: void displayC() { cout << "This is class C" << endl; } }; int main() { C c; c.displayA(); // Accessing Class A method c.displayB(); // Accessing Class B method c.displayC(); // Accessing Class C method return 0; }
This is class A This is class B This is class C
Hybrid Inheritance is a combination of multiple inheritance types, encompassing multilevel, multiple, and hierarchical inheritance. It brings together various inheritance forms.
#include <iostream> using namespace std; class A { public: void displayA() { cout << "This is class A" << endl; } }; class B : public A { public: void displayB() { cout << "This is class B" << endl; } }; class C : public A { public: void displayC() { cout << "This is class C" << endl; } }; class D : public B, public C { public: void displayD() { cout << "This is class D" << endl; } }; int main() { D d; d.B::displayA(); // Accessing Class A method from class B d.C::displayA(); // Accessing Class A method from class C d.displayB(); // Accessing Class B method d.displayC(); // Accessing Class C method d.displayD(); // Accessing Class D method return 0; }
This is class A This is class A This is class B This is class C This is class D
Inheritance in C++ allows for the creation of complex class hierarchies, promoting code organization, and reuse. Understanding its types and syntax is crucial for building scalable and maintainable applications.
In C++, Inheritance is a mechanism that allows a new class to inherit properties and behaviors (methods and attributes) from an existing class. It enables code reusability and establishes a hierarchical relationship between classes.
Single Level Inheritance involves only one base class and one derived class. The derived class inherits properties and behaviors from a single base class, forming a parent-child relationship.
Multi-Level Inheritance refers to a chain of inheritance where a derived class inherits from a base class, and another class derives from this derived class. It creates a hierarchical order of classes.
Yes, C++ supports Multiple Inheritance, allowing a derived class to inherit from more than one base class. It is essential to manage potential ambiguities and conflicts that can arise due to multiple inheritance.
Hybrid Inheritance is a combination of different types of inheritance (e.g., multiple, multilevel, or hierarchical). It incorporates multiple inheritance mechanisms within a single program, offering flexibility in class relationships.
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